Nad Receivers Reviews

PMZERO - Nasce il prototipo di electric bicycle Lexus


From conceptual point of view all the bikes with pedal assisted bikes are hybrid in that they have two types of propulsion: the muscle and use electricity, or any act that to harmonize the effects such as the PAS is already in itself an energy management system available.

Lexus then made her this principle and achieved, for now only as a study, a racing bike in carbon fiber with an electric motor on the front wheel.

The batteries are very low in front triangolatura and lithium.

using pneumatic wheels and a small section of beams are the newest trend in the field but you will notice however that the diameter of the wheels and very small. This is due to the fact that in an electric bike and there is no need to accentuate the flywheel effect to improve the smoothness and make pedaling more efficient, plus the small wheel lets you realized a frame from the most powerful in terms rigidity.

Last note, the Shimano and the type and internal hub and eight reports.

Nad Receivers Reviews

PMZERO - Nasce il prototipo di electric bicycle Lexus


From conceptual point of view all the bikes with pedal assisted bikes are hybrid in that they have two types of propulsion: the muscle and use electricity, or any act that to harmonize the effects such as the PAS is already in itself an energy management system available.

Lexus then made her this principle and achieved, for now only as a study, a racing bike in carbon fiber with an electric motor on the front wheel.

The batteries are very low in front triangolatura and lithium.

using pneumatic wheels and a small section of beams are the newest trend in the field but you will notice however that the diameter of the wheels and very small. This is due to the fact that in an electric bike and there is no need to accentuate the flywheel effect to improve the smoothness and make pedaling more efficient, plus the small wheel lets you realized a frame from the most powerful in terms rigidity.

Last note, the Shimano and the type and internal hub and eight reports.

What Should I See With An 8 Inch Newton Reflector

PM ZERO - TTXGP 2010 World Series - Zero Emission Carbon Clean Motorsport


few days will start the championship on the track of electric bikes more exciting than it is.
TTXGP The 2010 World Series - Zero Emission Carbon Clean Motorsport.
We are waiting ...

What Should I See With An 8 Inch Newton Reflector

PM ZERO - TTXGP 2010 World Series - Zero Emission Carbon Clean Motorsport


few days will start the championship on the track of electric bikes more exciting than it is.
TTXGP The 2010 World Series - Zero Emission Carbon Clean Motorsport.
We are waiting ...

Digital-copy-film Tool

PMZERO - Anticipating the launch of the E-Bike generazione.Bicicletta second pedal assisted electric


PmZero 2 - Innovative E - Bike soon be ordered with a click.
"An E - bike highly innovative. For both high-tech materials used, namely carbon, fiberglass and aluminum, both for the adoption of a brushless motor powered by lithium batteries. And at the same time, design work by two patents and a scientific and medical approval. " The Inventor Marco Mazza has summed up the salient features of 'Pm Zero 2', the most recent fruit of 'frontier research' conducted by M Design, forthcoming.
Dedicated to his father Francesco is a work of art designed to receive numerous awards from industry and academia, 'Pm Zero 2'. "Ergonomics and essential - said the young designer Bergamasco - were the guidelines of a formal research, breaking the patterns of design for electric bicycles, always exclusively linked to functional aspects, aimed at a target of advanced users, dynamic, fitness lovers and the aesthetic. "
The price of this 'evolution of the species E - Bike' was not disclosed. However, this is admittedly a good niche, it is easy to imagine that those who want to buy should be foreseen to shell out several thousand euro. Pmzero 2, will be crafted with custom finishes.
The goal is to offer the 'Pmzero 2', all over the world. Thanks also to online sales.

Digital-copy-film Tool

PMZERO - Anticipating the launch of the E-Bike generazione.Bicicletta second pedal assisted electric


PmZero 2 - Innovative E - Bike soon be ordered with a click.
"An E - bike highly innovative. For both high-tech materials used, namely carbon, fiberglass and aluminum, both for the adoption of a brushless motor powered by lithium batteries. And at the same time, design work by two patents and a scientific and medical approval. " The Inventor Marco Mazza has summed up the salient features of 'Pm Zero 2', the most recent fruit of 'frontier research' conducted by M Design, forthcoming.
Dedicated to his father Francesco is a work of art designed to receive numerous awards from industry and academia, 'Pm Zero 2'. "Ergonomics and essential - said the young designer Bergamasco - were the guidelines of a formal research, breaking the patterns of design for electric bicycles, always exclusively linked to functional aspects, aimed at a target of advanced users, dynamic, fitness lovers and the aesthetic. "
The price of this 'evolution of the species E - Bike' was not disclosed. However, this is admittedly a good niche, it is easy to imagine that those who want to buy should be foreseen to shell out several thousand euro. Pmzero 2, will be crafted with custom finishes.
The goal is to offer the 'Pmzero 2', all over the world. Thanks also to online sales.

Quality Budget Red Dot

PM ZERO - collaborated on the first bike sharing power in the world


electric bike sharing will be the solution increasingly adopted in Italy. In fact, the slopes are the real obstacle to the use of bicycles. Marco Mazza
The Inventor of Bergamo was cooperating with the Communicating srl. Rivalta Turin in April 2008 to develop the first electric bike-sharing in the world for the city of Genoa.


The bike sharing in Italy: a snapshot of 2010
Da Giorgio Ceccarelli receive this interesting report on bike sharing in Italy: many things seem to have moved in recent years and much remains to be done to achieve a quality of service comparable to that of other European countries. The difficulties faced by public bicycle services in Italy are also consequential to the particular caratteristiche demografiche del nostro paese, oltre che alla mancanza di scelte politiche coerenti.


Il bike sharing in Italia
Giorgio Ceccarelli


Attualmente in Italia sono attivi circa 130 sistemi di bike sharing con una prevalenza nei Comuni del Nord e del Centro rispetto al Sud.In particolare le regioni in cui si rileva una maggiore presenza del bike sharing sono:
Emilia Romagna (19) – Piemonte (16) – Veneto (15) – Lombardia (13). Seguono Marche, Puglia, Liguria e tutte le altre regioni, escluse Campania, Calabria e Basilicata.
(fonte: relazione dell’Ing. Lorenzo Bertuccio al Congresso del Club delle Città per il Bike Sharing – Milano, October 2009)

This quantification takes into account only the advanced bike-sharing systems (which could be classified as third generation) and does not consider all the cases related to the traditional rental, as for example that of Bolzano.

In turn, these 130 systems can be divided into two types: mechanical key

magnetic card.

In the first case the user must acquire a key through a door which, when inserted in the free bike parking and identifies it, the bike must be returned, without any particular time limit, in the same stall to pick up the key.

key systems are usually free and allow the use of bikes in different cities with the same key.

systems with magnetic card instead allow the return in any other stand above and allow, through the regulation of fees, to encourage the use of bicycles for a short period, so as to enable its use and return it to another user : then a few bikes for many people.

magnetic card systems also have the option of recordings over the Internet and pay by credit card or mobile phones, are also systems that, as we shall see, opens up new prospects of tariff between the various transport systems.

In all the municipalities that use The magnetic card is not included Rome, the tariff schedule the first half hour of free use, with the next few hours to charge gradually increased, up to predict the actual blocks of the subscription if you exceed the four hours of use, as is expected in Milan for example

The use of either type of bike sharing in Italy depends in practice on the division of markets between just two suppliers:
Got a bike for the key system
Bicincittà for the system board.


the approximately 130 active systems to date 2 / 3 are key and 1 / 3 to board, with a spatial distribution closely linked to the location of origin and the consequent market penetration of the two suppliers.

Got a bike which is based in Ravenna is prevalent in areas of Emilia and Veneto, and is Bicincittà of Turin and the prevalence in the North West; Bicincittà is also present on the international market with systems and Pamplona Lausanne. This form of duopoly

linked to a territorial partition between different technical systems is a symptom of how the bike sharing in Italy is still young and has yet to evolve to offer a variety of characteristic of a more mature market.


only exception to this rigid partition the market between two companies, each with its own different technology, is represented by the City of Milan, using the method developed by U.S. company Clear Channel.

Milan is currently the Italian system of a larger size BikeMe called, was opened in November 2008 provides 1300 bikes distributed around 100 stations and is cost-based grant system of advertising space in exchange for activation and service management by Clear Channel.

Given the success recorded by BikeMe, which has almost reached the saturation level than the intended users, the project is in its extension outside the circle of ramparts and touched nodes iron pole and peripheral roads university re: A total of 170 stalls to 33 new stations and a fleet of 5,000 bikes are bicycles

But problems emerged between the Administration and the contractor, depending mostly on the economic theme of the advertising revenue, which somehow slowing down the planned development system.

systems deserve a special note of Genoa and Syracuse because they represent the first ever experience using electrically assisted bicycles on real bike sharing systems, and already he could find on traditional ciclonoleggi.

The system of Genoa, inaugurated in April 2009, is named MOBIKE, has 55 stations spread over 6 and a bike has been built a contribution from the Ministry for the Environment in support of electric mobility. E 'created and managed by Bicincittà.


The use of assisted bicycles may be entered in a city like Genoa, which has many parts hilly, although the positions realized to date, located on the arch of the old port and in central areas, have a height difference between them less 50 meters, definitely acceptable for a traditional bike.

The use of bike sharing Genovese is still heavily affected by the almost total lack of protected routes for bikes.

Similarly, the system of Syracuse, opened shortly after Genoa is based on technology and uses Bicincittà funding given by the Ministry for the Environment on the occasion of the G8.

The system in this case is mixed with the prediction scheme of 200 traditional and 50 assisted bicycles, distributed over 15 stations.

Among the systems which is expected to report next opening is in Turin, whose inauguration is scheduled for June 2010.

After two races almost desert, the last tender was won by Bicincittà that will manage advertising space in exchange for a system, called tobiko, 1200 which provides bike on over 100 stations: This is finally a project high-impact, which should cover una parte importante della città.

In attesa dell’apertura di Torino, il bike sharing di Milano si può ritenere ad oggi l’unico sistema che in Italia sia numericamente paragonabile con le grandi realizzazioni europee: tutte le altre città presentano numeri di bici o di postazioni nettamente inferiori.

In particolare, con riferimento al numero di biciclette previste, i sistemi in Italia numericamente più consistenti dopo Milano sono:
Brescia (200)
Ravenna (140)
La Spezia (135)
Bergamo (120)
Trento (88)


Rapportando il numero di bici al numero di abitanti, tra i migliori rapporti risultano:
Modena (1/900)
Milan (1,1000)
Cuneo (1/1.100)


way off from those values \u200b\u200bto represent a significant contribution to urban mobility, such as those found in major French cities like Paris (1 / 100) or Lyon (1 / 160).

In general then Italy is characterized by a large number of mostly small size systems. The following table

the Italian figure is compared with that of France and Germany:



It can also be reasonably assumed that this trend will increase in coming years with the likely spread of interest in the bike-sharing in the city center and South

The spread of systems of very small size is a typical Italian who may depend on the shape of our territory, characterized by a widespread urbanization, with many small or medium-sized cities.

The size of a city probably not possible to trigger levels of profitability that would enable the realization by individuals of bike sharing systems in exchange for advertising space, as is the case elsewhere.

It follows, therefore, necessary by the local government to turn almost exclusively on public funds with the result of having limited funds, uncertain times and not confident about prospects the continued service.

not underestimate also the obstacle to the creation of systems represented by the numerically important Italian backwardness in the development of cycling facilities.

Often in our cities are reasonably practicable by bike paths are reduced to a few areas in which only the central zone 30 or pedestrian zones allow you to move with a minimum of security.

The development of the bike sharing can happen if coordinated with other actions like a cycling goal, as is the case if the government set up an appropriate Biciplan that in addition to bike sharing, provides courses, facilities for those who go to which bike racks or slides, promotion and information, maintenance of the existing.

Today in Italy there are few studies or research on the phenomenon of bike sharing, and there is an in-depth analysis of a general nature about it.
They move in this direction, however, the initiatives of some associations, among which may include:

The CCBS - Club of the City Bike Sharing, sponsored by Euromobility, www.euromobility.org, the Italian Association of Mobility Manager, the participation of over 30 cities.

The CCBS has as its purpose the promotion of bike-sharing and organized an annual conference where the report is presented of the current situation in Italy, are currently the vision more complex than we could find.

FIAB - Italian Federation of Friends of the Bicycle www.fiabonlus.it, member of ECF European Cyclist Federation, which promotes, inter alia, a discussion forum dedicated to the collection and documentation of bike sharing in the website. The European project

OBIS - Optimising www.obisproject.com Bike Sharing in European Cities, which seeks to identify success factors, the limits and potential of the market both in Europe and that in the eight states that have joined the project.

#####
the author: Giorgio Ceccarelli
, architect, and the National Council of the Italian Federation of Friends of Cycling - Tales and responsible on the public bike sharing and bicycles.
It deals with design issues related to mobility through the redesign and restoration of urban spaces and collective use, with particular attention to the application of participatory methodologies. In the activity
addressed to the bicycle, as well as proposed routes and the preparation of municipal plans for cycling, he oversaw the service bike sharing of Genoa, the first system designed with electrically assisted bicycles.
Source - alternative mobility

Quality Budget Red Dot

PM ZERO - collaborated on the first bike sharing power in the world


electric bike sharing will be the solution increasingly adopted in Italy. In fact, the slopes are the real obstacle to the use of bicycles. Marco Mazza
The Inventor of Bergamo was cooperating with the Communicating srl. Rivalta Turin in April 2008 to develop the first electric bike-sharing in the world for the city of Genoa.


The bike sharing in Italy: a snapshot of 2010
Da Giorgio Ceccarelli receive this interesting report on bike sharing in Italy: many things seem to have moved in recent years and much remains to be done to achieve a quality of service comparable to that of other European countries. The difficulties faced by public bicycle services in Italy are also consequential to the particular caratteristiche demografiche del nostro paese, oltre che alla mancanza di scelte politiche coerenti.


Il bike sharing in Italia
Giorgio Ceccarelli


Attualmente in Italia sono attivi circa 130 sistemi di bike sharing con una prevalenza nei Comuni del Nord e del Centro rispetto al Sud.In particolare le regioni in cui si rileva una maggiore presenza del bike sharing sono:
Emilia Romagna (19) – Piemonte (16) – Veneto (15) – Lombardia (13). Seguono Marche, Puglia, Liguria e tutte le altre regioni, escluse Campania, Calabria e Basilicata.
(fonte: relazione dell’Ing. Lorenzo Bertuccio al Congresso del Club delle Città per il Bike Sharing – Milano, October 2009)

This quantification takes into account only the advanced bike-sharing systems (which could be classified as third generation) and does not consider all the cases related to the traditional rental, as for example that of Bolzano.

In turn, these 130 systems can be divided into two types: mechanical key

magnetic card.

In the first case the user must acquire a key through a door which, when inserted in the free bike parking and identifies it, the bike must be returned, without any particular time limit, in the same stall to pick up the key.

key systems are usually free and allow the use of bikes in different cities with the same key.

systems with magnetic card instead allow the return in any other stand above and allow, through the regulation of fees, to encourage the use of bicycles for a short period, so as to enable its use and return it to another user : then a few bikes for many people.

magnetic card systems also have the option of recordings over the Internet and pay by credit card or mobile phones, are also systems that, as we shall see, opens up new prospects of tariff between the various transport systems.

In all the municipalities that use The magnetic card is not included Rome, the tariff schedule the first half hour of free use, with the next few hours to charge gradually increased, up to predict the actual blocks of the subscription if you exceed the four hours of use, as is expected in Milan for example

The use of either type of bike sharing in Italy depends in practice on the division of markets between just two suppliers:
Got a bike for the key system
Bicincittà for the system board.


the approximately 130 active systems to date 2 / 3 are key and 1 / 3 to board, with a spatial distribution closely linked to the location of origin and the consequent market penetration of the two suppliers.

Got a bike which is based in Ravenna is prevalent in areas of Emilia and Veneto, and is Bicincittà of Turin and the prevalence in the North West; Bicincittà is also present on the international market with systems and Pamplona Lausanne. This form of duopoly

linked to a territorial partition between different technical systems is a symptom of how the bike sharing in Italy is still young and has yet to evolve to offer a variety of characteristic of a more mature market.


only exception to this rigid partition the market between two companies, each with its own different technology, is represented by the City of Milan, using the method developed by U.S. company Clear Channel.

Milan is currently the Italian system of a larger size BikeMe called, was opened in November 2008 provides 1300 bikes distributed around 100 stations and is cost-based grant system of advertising space in exchange for activation and service management by Clear Channel.

Given the success recorded by BikeMe, which has almost reached the saturation level than the intended users, the project is in its extension outside the circle of ramparts and touched nodes iron pole and peripheral roads university re: A total of 170 stalls to 33 new stations and a fleet of 5,000 bikes are bicycles

But problems emerged between the Administration and the contractor, depending mostly on the economic theme of the advertising revenue, which somehow slowing down the planned development system.

systems deserve a special note of Genoa and Syracuse because they represent the first ever experience using electrically assisted bicycles on real bike sharing systems, and already he could find on traditional ciclonoleggi.

The system of Genoa, inaugurated in April 2009, is named MOBIKE, has 55 stations spread over 6 and a bike has been built a contribution from the Ministry for the Environment in support of electric mobility. E 'created and managed by Bicincittà.


The use of assisted bicycles may be entered in a city like Genoa, which has many parts hilly, although the positions realized to date, located on the arch of the old port and in central areas, have a height difference between them less 50 meters, definitely acceptable for a traditional bike.

The use of bike sharing Genovese is still heavily affected by the almost total lack of protected routes for bikes.

Similarly, the system of Syracuse, opened shortly after Genoa is based on technology and uses Bicincittà funding given by the Ministry for the Environment on the occasion of the G8.

The system in this case is mixed with the prediction scheme of 200 traditional and 50 assisted bicycles, distributed over 15 stations.

Among the systems which is expected to report next opening is in Turin, whose inauguration is scheduled for June 2010.

After two races almost desert, the last tender was won by Bicincittà that will manage advertising space in exchange for a system, called tobiko, 1200 which provides bike on over 100 stations: This is finally a project high-impact, which should cover una parte importante della città.

In attesa dell’apertura di Torino, il bike sharing di Milano si può ritenere ad oggi l’unico sistema che in Italia sia numericamente paragonabile con le grandi realizzazioni europee: tutte le altre città presentano numeri di bici o di postazioni nettamente inferiori.

In particolare, con riferimento al numero di biciclette previste, i sistemi in Italia numericamente più consistenti dopo Milano sono:
Brescia (200)
Ravenna (140)
La Spezia (135)
Bergamo (120)
Trento (88)


Rapportando il numero di bici al numero di abitanti, tra i migliori rapporti risultano:
Modena (1/900)
Milan (1,1000)
Cuneo (1/1.100)


way off from those values \u200b\u200bto represent a significant contribution to urban mobility, such as those found in major French cities like Paris (1 / 100) or Lyon (1 / 160).

In general then Italy is characterized by a large number of mostly small size systems. The following table

the Italian figure is compared with that of France and Germany:



It can also be reasonably assumed that this trend will increase in coming years with the likely spread of interest in the bike-sharing in the city center and South

The spread of systems of very small size is a typical Italian who may depend on the shape of our territory, characterized by a widespread urbanization, with many small or medium-sized cities.

The size of a city probably not possible to trigger levels of profitability that would enable the realization by individuals of bike sharing systems in exchange for advertising space, as is the case elsewhere.

It follows, therefore, necessary by the local government to turn almost exclusively on public funds with the result of having limited funds, uncertain times and not confident about prospects the continued service.

not underestimate also the obstacle to the creation of systems represented by the numerically important Italian backwardness in the development of cycling facilities.

Often in our cities are reasonably practicable by bike paths are reduced to a few areas in which only the central zone 30 or pedestrian zones allow you to move with a minimum of security.

The development of the bike sharing can happen if coordinated with other actions like a cycling goal, as is the case if the government set up an appropriate Biciplan that in addition to bike sharing, provides courses, facilities for those who go to which bike racks or slides, promotion and information, maintenance of the existing.

Today in Italy there are few studies or research on the phenomenon of bike sharing, and there is an in-depth analysis of a general nature about it.
They move in this direction, however, the initiatives of some associations, among which may include:

The CCBS - Club of the City Bike Sharing, sponsored by Euromobility, www.euromobility.org, the Italian Association of Mobility Manager, the participation of over 30 cities.

The CCBS has as its purpose the promotion of bike-sharing and organized an annual conference where the report is presented of the current situation in Italy, are currently the vision more complex than we could find.

FIAB - Italian Federation of Friends of the Bicycle www.fiabonlus.it, member of ECF European Cyclist Federation, which promotes, inter alia, a discussion forum dedicated to the collection and documentation of bike sharing in the website. The European project

OBIS - Optimising www.obisproject.com Bike Sharing in European Cities, which seeks to identify success factors, the limits and potential of the market both in Europe and that in the eight states that have joined the project.

#####
the author: Giorgio Ceccarelli
, architect, and the National Council of the Italian Federation of Friends of Cycling - Tales and responsible on the public bike sharing and bicycles.
It deals with design issues related to mobility through the redesign and restoration of urban spaces and collective use, with particular attention to the application of participatory methodologies. In the activity
addressed to the bicycle, as well as proposed routes and the preparation of municipal plans for cycling, he oversaw the service bike sharing of Genoa, the first system designed with electrically assisted bicycles.
Source - alternative mobility